Apr. 18th, 2007

rosered32: (JJL-Parker)
1480 - Lucrezia Borgia, duchess of Ferrara.


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucrezia_Borgia

This article is about the historical person. For the biographical opera, see Lucrezia Borgia (opera). Lucrezia Borgia is also the name Buffalo Bill gave to his gun.

Portrait of a Woman by Bartolomeo Veneziano, traditionally assumed to be Lucrezia Borgia.
Tomb of Alfonso I d'Este and Lucrezia Borgia, Ferrara.Lucrezia Borgia April 18, 1480 - June 24, 1519) was the daughter of Rodrigo Borgia, the powerful Renaissance Valencian who later became Pope Alexander VI, and Vannozza dei Cattanei. Her brothers included Cesare Borgia, Giovanni Borgia, and Gioffre Borgia.[1]

Lucrezia's family later came to epitomize the ruthless Machiavellian politics and sexual corruption alleged to be characteristic of the Renaissance Papacy. In this story Lucrezia was cast as a femme fatale, a role she has been portrayed as in many artworks, novels and films.

No authentic portrait of Lucrezia is known, though several paintings, such as Bartolomeo Veneziano's fanciful portrait (see illustration) have been said to depict her. Often these images are simply part of Lucrezia's myth.

Not enough is known about the historical Lucrezia to be certain whether any of the stories about her active involvement in her father's and brother's crimes are true. Her father and/or brother certainly arranged several marriages for her to important or powerful men, in order to advance their own political ambitions. Lucrezia was married to Giovanni Sforza (Lord of Pesaro), Alfonso of Aragon, Duke of Bisceglie, and Alphonso d'Este (Prince of Ferrara). Tradition has it that Alfonso of Aragon was an illegitimate son of the King of Naples and that Cesare may have had him murdered after his political value waned.

Legends and Rumors
Several legends and rumors have persisted throughout the years, primarily speculating as to the nature of the extravagant parties thrown by the Borgia family.

It is rumored that Lucrezia was in possession of a hollow ring that she used frequently to poison drinks. [1] [2] [3]
There has been much speculation of an incestuous relationship between Lucrezia and her father and brothers. The rumours were started by her first husband, in an attempt to clean his image after being declared impotent by the Pope. The fact that the Borgias were very close to each other was taken as a proof to support the rumours. However, there is no concrete evidence.[citation needed]
An early 20th-century painting by Cadogan Cowper that hangs in the London art gallery Tate Britain portrays Lucrezia taking the place of her father, Alexander VI at an official Vatican meeting. This apparently documents an actual event, although the precise moment depicted, (a Franciscan friar kissing Lucrezia's feet), was invented by the artist.[4]
rosered32: (Wicked!)
Because I had a moment today where someone expressed how I changed their life for the better, and I really didn't know- I thought it might be cool to share that sort of thing with my friends. My friends do change my life for the better- in ways they probably don't know.

So if you wanna know how you changed my life for the better,comment, and then copy this to your journal.

And From Wicked :

GLINDA & ELPHABA
Who can say if I've been changed for the better
I do believe I have been changed for the better

GLINDA
And because I knew you

ELPHABA
Because I knew you

GLINDA
Because I knew you

GLINDA & ELPHABA
I have been changed
For Good
rosered32: (Annyed)
U.S. SUPREME COURT UPHOLDS FEDERAL ABORTION BAN, LAW THREATENS WOMEN'S HEALTH; CRIMINALIZES SAFE, EARLY ABORTIONS

WASHINGTON, DC - The U.S. Supreme Court today upheld the federal abortion ban in the cases Gonzales v. Planned Parenthood and Gonzales v. Carhart. The ban, passed by Congress and signed by President Bush in 2003, criminalizes abortions in the second trimester of pregnancy that doctors say are safe and the best to protect women's health. Planned Parenthood denounced today's ruling.

"This ruling flies in the face of 30 years of Supreme Court precedent and the best interest of women's health and safety," said Planned Parenthood Federation of America (PPFA) Deputy Director of Litigation and Law Eve Gartner, who argued Gonzales v. Planned Parenthood . "Today the court took away an important option for doctors who seek to provide the best and safest care to their patients. This ruling tells women that politicians, not doctors, will make their health care decisions for them."



"Today's decision is a shocking setback for women's health," added Gartner. As Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg said in her dissent, '…the Court deprives women of the right to make an autonomous choice, even at the expense of their safety.'



When President Bush signed the federal abortion ban in 2003, PPFA, Planned Parenthood Golden Gate (PPGG), the Center for Reproductive Rights, the National Abortion Federation and the American Civil Liberties Union challenged it in federal district courts around the country. Leading ob/gyns at major medical institutions testified against the ban because it would prevent them from providing the care that is best to protect their patients' health. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, the American Nurses Association and many other medical groups oppose the federal ban. Until now, every court that examined the ban struck it down because, among other things, it fails to protect women's health.

"Today is a dark day for women's health and safety," said Planned Parenthood: Shasta-Diablo (PPSD) President Heather Saunders Estes, "Today's ruling shows utter disregard for women's health and safety. It tells women that politicans, and not doctors, will make their healthcare decisions for them."

Just seven years ago, the Supreme Court had struck down a very similar abortion ban enacted in Nebraska because it did not have a health exception, with Justice O'Connor providing the critical vote that upheld protections for women's health and safety. Since then, Justice O'Connor retired and was replaced on the court by Justice Alito.



"Last November, voters sent politicians the message to stop interfering in private family healthcare decisions," said Estes, "It's time for Congress to focus on real solutions for women and families."



For more information, visit www.federalabortionban.org.

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